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Ben Walter Hooper, born Bennie Walter Wade (October 13, 1870April 18, 1957), was an American politician who served two terms as Governor of Tennessee from 1911 to 1915. Elected as a Fusionist candidate, he was one of just three Republicans to hold the office from the end of Reconstruction to the latter half of the 20th century. His success was due to divisions in the state Democratic Party over prohibition; he received support from some of the party. During his two terms, Hooper signed several prohibition laws, enacted a measure requiring mandatory school attendance, and signed a law requiring direct pay for women workers.〔 Hooper served as a member of the U.S. Railroad Labor Board (RLB) during the administration of President Warren G. Harding in the early 1920s. As chairman of the RLB, he was a central figure in the 1922 Railroad Shopmen's Strike. He later worked as chief land purchasing agent for the Great Smoky Mountains National Park.〔 ==Early life== Hooper was born out of wedlock to Sarah Wade in Newport in Cocke County in eastern Tennessee. His father, Lemuel Washington Hooper, was a physician who was engaged to another woman at the time.〔Phillip Langsdon, ''Tennessee: A Political History'' (Franklin, Tenn.: Hillsboro Press, 2000), pp. 266–288.〕 Ben and his mother moved to Mossy Creek (modern Jefferson City), then New Market, and finally the slums of Knoxville. His mother was unable to care for her son and placed him in St. John's Orphanage, operated by the Episcopal Church. When Ben was nine, he was traced and legally adopted by his father, who gave him the surname of Hooper and reared him in Newport as a Baptist.〔Anne-Leslie Owens, "(Ben Walter Hooper )," ''Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture'', 2009. Retrieved: 1 December 2012.〕 Due to the social stigma surrounding his birth, Hooper struggled as a child in Newport. He later wrote that this made him more determined to succeed. He graduated in 1890 from Baptist-affiliated Carson-Newman College in Jefferson City. He studied law under Judge Horace Nelson Cate, and was admitted to the bar in 1894. Hooper served two terms in the Tennessee House of Representatives, from 1893 to 1897.〔 During the Spanish–American War, Hooper served as captain of Company C in the 6th U.S. Volunteer Infantry,〔 which was commanded by fellow East Tennessean, Colonel Lawrence Tyson. The unit was stationed in the Arecibo area of northern Puerto Rico for most of the war, and saw little action.〔John Wooldridge, George Mellen, William Rule (ed.), ''Standard History of Knoxville, Tennessee'' (Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1900; reprinted by Kessinger Books, 2010), pp. 188–189.〕 From 1906 to 1910, Hooper was assistant U.S. attorney for the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Tennessee.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ben W. Hooper」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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